If Washington continued to appoint office seekers and corrupt demagogues, Utahs citizens would send them away., Faced with this blatant insubordination, Buchanan ordered an army of 2,500 troops to Utah to install Alfred Cumming as the new governor. He stopped at the cairn the U.S. Armys First Dragoons had raised in 1859 over the grave of the emigrants whose scattered bones they had collected and buried. In the early days of the Church, it was common for members to be called to serve at young ages. They are also fascinated by stories of murder and especially murder on a grand scale. 52 or thereabouts. They looted and gutted shops and set fire to numerous homes, stores, and government buildings until nearly all homes in Daviess County not owned by Mormons were destroyed. The seeing of our faithful Elders slaughtered in cold blood, he wrote after his friends death, is at times almost to[o] grevious to be borne, but as the Spirit within me whispers, peace be still. This advice was never changed. Mormons are a religious group that embrace concepts of Christianity as well as revelations made by their founder, Joseph Smith. Its no coincidence, then, that pulp fiction and Hollywood have used these ingredientsmystery, conspiracy and mass murderfor years. Enter your email to receive updates on our LDS Living content, 2022 LDS Living A Division of Deseret Book Company, John Willard Young, Brigham Young, and the Development of Presidential Succession in the LDS Church, There is room for my brown paper-doll family: 2 gospel truths I learned as a young girl that carry my faith, Bright lights in the desert: How Latter-day Saints have shaped Las Vegas culture, community, and politics, See the stunning winners of the Churchs International Art Competition. Young testified that Cowdery's last statements were on the truth of Mormonism as revealed through Joseph Smith. In return for surrendering their weapons, the emigrants would be allowed safe passage to Cedar City. Conditions Governing Use Egyptologists (both Mormon and non-Mormon) were invited to view the scrolls and translate them, but they found that the scrolls were ordinary funerary texts that had nothing to do with Abraham. He has been a guest speaker on numerous national radio and television stations and is a five time published author. [Young] is not only the president here but he is the president of the states and kingdoms of this world no matter if they have not elected him. In a very real sense, Brigham Young was the law. Learning how Eleanor McLean Pratt got to Salt Lake City convinced me Brigham Young did it. The 12th Mrs. Pratt had buried her polygamous husband Parley in Arkansas the previous May, and she was obsessed with exacting vengeance from his murderers. TAMPA, Fla. Acting as his own lawyer, a double-murder defendant opened his death penalty trial by shouting at jurors that he did not attack his girlfriend and disabled daughter. In theearly church years, the method of judging apostolic seniority was base on the date of ordination. The latter is filed in sequential order in Youngs well-preserved and bound letter books. Brigham Young (pictured) is revered by Mormons as the second prophet of modern times. The winners of the Church History Museums 12th International Art Competition have been announced, and the artwork is breathtaking. The Christian faith centers on beliefs regarding the birth, life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Did Brigham Young Approve the Attack? Appointed governor by President Millard Fillmore, Brigham Young was able to continue imposing his will on the territory politically as well as ecclesiastically. Hiding Rockwells role in expressing Eleanor to Utah from my late friend Hal was evidence that had been carefully suppressed. In a speech he gave as governor of Utah to the state legislature, he announced that Utah should have the right to practice slavery. She has been placed on indefinite suspension for her actions, which include punching another . Bad Hands 03. He stated in an 1861 sermon: When I reflect on how I found the gospel, I realize that my familys experiences informed two important pieces of my testimony. When I began writing about the massacre, I realized trying to prove anything about this appalling crime would prove only that I was an idiot. The Center also supported student training for life-long temple and family history service. [6] Young was present in Richmond, Missouri when Cowdery died. Police are investigating. Earlier versions featured only Jesus or angels appearing to Smith. Dates 1940-1970 Creator Mackay, Eleanor White (Person) Language of Materials Materials are in English. If I shoot, they get shot. Why? Salt Lake City would soon become the bustling center of life in theChurch of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Following Haights orders, Lee negotiated a cease fire with the wagon company on September 11. His brother Joseph was baptized the next day and Brigham Young was baptized approximately one week later. All Rights Reserved. At first, it blamed Indians; later, it claimed a rogue church official was responsibleand after two trials, Mormon militia leader John Lee was hanged in 1877 for the killings. Niggas Sooooo Good 06. The non-Mormons who were present at Rigdons sermon were rightfully alarmed. He was a model Latter-day Saint; a good man possessed in large measure with friendliness, integrity, optimism, and unswerving loyalty to his leaders., Smith had a strong relationship with both the Prophet Joseph Smith and President Brigham Young during his apostleship. He was the President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death in 1877. He went on to become a missionary in England. Five days later the church president spoke to a congregation filled with many of the participants in the massacre. Brigham Young was the second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, from 1847 until his death in 1877. In 1841, Joseph Smith announced a prophesy that Governor Boggs (pictured above) would, within a year, meet a violent demise. According to Todd Compton, a Mormon historian and author ofJohn Willard Young, Brigham Young, and the Development of Presidential Succession in the LDS Church, John Willard Young was the youngest person ever ordained an apostle, which happened during a private event in 1855. She believed Gods legions would hunt them down in every land & place. With help from Mormon apostles in Missouri, Eleanor arrived in Utah on July 23, 1857, where she allegedly charged that men in the Fancher party had helped her first husband murder Apostle Pratt. (1975) "Letters of Brigham Young to His Sons Dean C. Jessee," BYU Studies Quarterly: Why did he shield the murderers and allow the churchs newspaper to blame the crime on the Paiutes for a dozen years after Jacob Hamblin told him Mormons were involved? In short, the massacre is best explained by cascading local events in a setting of extreme excitement and fear. Or did his belief in heavenly justice prove him an unlikely culprit? On September 11, 1857, 120 men, women and childrenpioneers from Arkansas headed for Californiawere massacred after being promised safe passage through a Southern Utah valley known as Mountain Meadows. Brigham Young. Copies of Youngs letter exist both in rough draft and final draft form. While the church leaders temper and strong words at the pulpit earned him a reputation for coercion, in truth, those who knew him best often spoke of his caution and his abhorrence of bloodshed. In 1853, he became the second counselor to David Fullmer in the presidency of the Salt Lake Stake of the church. He is also the founder of the first Baptist church in America. A final investigation ultimately resulted in Lees execution in 1877, and other conspirators successfully going into hiding. The victims bodies were stripped naked and left to rot in the open air. A CONFESSION etched on a newly discovered lead sheet has shaken the Mormon Church by linking its revered leader, Brigham Young, with one of the worst massacres in American history. Within five minutes, recalled massacre participant Dudley Leavitt, not one stone stood upon another., A few days later Young justified the massacre as a necessary act of righteous vengeance. Congress officially made polygamy illegal, killed by the estranged husband of one of Pratts polygamous wives. He governed the territory as a theocracy, with church doctrines taking precedence over laws. When I reflect on how I found the gospel, I realize that my familys experiences informed two important pieces of my testimony. [5], Young was married to Lucy, the half-sister of Oliver Cowdery. Meanwhile, someone attempted to assassinate Governor Boggs, shooting him twice through the skull, once in the neck, and once in the throat. These men later insisted that no orders had come from Salt Lake City, and this testimony included that given by those who in later life left Utah and Mormonism. "I felt it was important to share. Read a news summary of this talk. After a standoff of several days, the Mormons called a truce, only to massacre most of the wagon train party, including some 120 men, women and children. Utah became the 45th member of the union on Jan. 4, 1896, with Salt read more, In 1844, reeling from the murder of their founder and prophet, Joseph Smith, and facing continued mob violence in their settlement in Illinois, thousands of Latter Day Saints (better known as Mormons) threw their support behind a new leader, Brigham Young. One of his wives alleged he ordered the deaths of people who tried to leave the faith. A case in point is Poe's short story of 1843, "The Tell-Tale Heart." Narrated in retrospect, Poe's confessional tale features a "Mad" protagonist who recalls his grisly murder of an old man, his . The attack occurred on April 6. By doing so, we may get a better understanding of Rupert, who . But in 1517 Luther penned a document attacking the Catholic Churchs corrupt practice read more, Christianity is the most widely practiced religion in the world, with more than 2 billion followers. Mormons believe that Joseph Smith had a vision in 1820 in which he saw God and Jesus (first vision depicted in a sculpture above). Youngs fiery discourses calling for blood and vengeance, his encouragement of Indian attacks on wagon trains and the lies he told to cover up the crime all show he was intimately involved in fomenting a vicious act of vengeance. The evidence has been so corruptedsuppressed, destroyed, and fabricatedits hard to determine the date the murders took place, let alone trace all the ins and outs of the conspiracy behind the crime. Apparently I succeeded, since critics in the employ of the LDS Church claim I dont prove Brigham Young ordered the murders. And why does the Deseret News continue lying about Mountain Meadows to this day? One wife of Apostle Orson Pratt actually died of neglect after getting sick while living in poverty because he wouldnt allocate enough money for her care. Death is not the end of our existencejust a change in our being. While it started with a small group of adherents, many historians regard read more, The political and religious leader Roger Williams (c. 1603?-1683) is best known for founding the state of Rhode Island and advocating separation of church and state in Colonial America. Many American Protestant religions promoted slavery or the Ku Klux Klan. For instance, Joseph Smith was once attacked by an apostate from the Church, William Law, who "attempted to kill Joseph and fired a pistol at him six times at close range. Historian D. Michael Quinn succinctly describes Youngs actions shortly after the massacre: Apostle Wilford Woodruff, the official church historian, recorded that when Young first visited the mass burial site, he said that the memorial plaque should read: Vengeance is mine and I have taken a little.. His translation retells some Biblical stories as well as adding to the lore of the father of Judaism and Islam, and the translation was eventually canonized as scripture. Pres. (Above) John D. Lee sits on his coffin moments before being executed for reportedly ordering the Mountain Meadows attack. Elder Jeffrey R. Holland of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints spoke Monday to staff at Brigham Young University (BYU) during the first day of the institution's 2021 University Conference.. He married -- was sealed to, in Mormon parlance -- young (Clarissa Decker, 15) and old (Hannah Tapfield King, 65). He was the ninth of eleven children, growing up in an unsettled frontier environment characterized by frequent family moves to various communities throughout upstate New York. Happyness (Skit) 05. Ann Eliza Young was not acting in a vacuum, however. For instance, during his time with Zion's Camp, cholera swept among the men and he watched "other men die like flies, but his own life was spared" ("Brigham Young on Life and Death"). The Latter-day Saint community [in Las Vegas is] vibrant across every facetpolitically, public service, charitable. Also in 1854, President Franklin Pierce attempted to replace Young as territory governor, but nominee Edward Steptoe declined, explaining that he could not perform his duties in the face of fanaticism in the mass of the people and a religious oligarchy., By 1857, with Youngs approval, the territorial assembly sent a blunt warning to incoming U.S. president James Buchanan. for construction and . His son, also named Alma, rebelled against everything he was taught. Isaac Haights stake high council opposed the attack, and sent a messenger to Salt Lake City for Youngs advice on September 6. The trailer showed clips of the two of them being more involved in "Ted Lasso" Season 3, even if their roles may not be as big as some of the show's main characters. In 1870, church leaders quietly excommunicated Isaac Haight, John D. Lee, and militia leader George Wood. Life After Death: 6 Insights into the Spirit World. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? Sometimes, he would send the husbands on missions in foreign countries and marry their wives while they were away and unable to object. History is often presented to young students within a single interpretative framework with little suggestion of the existence of alternative historical interpretations. According to her, they would try to leave Utah then turn up murdered (supposedly by Native Americans) along the way. It's time to Hike and Light the Y and attend the much-anticipated BYU Spectacular! According to Bennett, Rockwell returned the day before news of the assassination attempt arrived at Nauvoo. Join the celebration! Conditions Governing Access Open for public research. By the summer of 1877, Young's health was in decline, but he continued to play an active role in the Mormon church up until the end. Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. When the rumors expanded to include a claim that the pioneers were going to bring troops back from California to attack the Mormon settlements, a group of Mormons dressed as Native Americans attacked their wagon train and, after a three-day assault, killed all men, women, and children over the age of eight. Enter your email to receive updates on our LDS Living content, 2022 LDS Living A Division of Deseret Book Company. Young unambiguously condoned the attack afterwards. Harrold's son could also be heard denying that he stole the phone. Americans enjoy a good mystery, and they like conspiracies. After spending the winter of 1846-47 in a camp along the Missouri River between Iowa and Nebraska, Young headed further west with 142 men, including six apostles, three women and two children, in April 1847. The council sought to create a Mormon-Indian alliance, and to make such an arrangement attractive to the Indians, Young allegedly told them that he would no longer stop them from stealing emigrant cattle on the California Trail. There were several times when Brigham Young's life was spared or his health inexplicably restored, according to BYU professor of Mormon History Donald Q. Cannon ("Brigham Young on Life and Death"). Further, Joseph H. Jackson, a new arrival to Nauvoo who had a shady past, later claimed in his memoirs that Joseph Smith offered him $3,000 to free Rockwell from prison and shoot Boggs. The Mormons: Brigham Young. They were murdered by a small Mormon militia and its Indian allies in a horrible ploy: after a four-day gun battle with their attackers, the pioneers accepted a truce that turned out to be a deadly lie. His views on religious freedom read more, In 1950, L. Ron Hubbardthe founder of Scientologypublished his bestselling book Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health. Though he originally conceived of Dianetics as a science of the mind, Hubbard later adapted his theories into a more religious approach, calling read more, The Inquisition was a powerful office set up within the Catholic Church to root out and punish heresy throughout Europe and the Americas. Young settled in Salt Lake City. He married single women and widows. Particularly telling is the testimony of those who did the killing at the Meadows. The last known version, the one in which he saw both God and Jesus, is the version contained in the Mormon book of scriptures known as the Pearl of Great Price and is the version taught both to the Latter-day Saint faithful and those considering converting to the faith. The former BYU student (in the 1960s) and president (1980-1989) expressed his deep love for the university, noted the blessings of a school focused on . If you happen to be named Brown or Jones or Spendlove or Lewis or Young or any name, it doesn't matter who your ancestors are. Because the historical past will always be opaque, historians must seek the weight of evidence, and in this case, the preponderance suggests Youngs innocence. Recent studies, including my own, have found 55 well-documented marriages. In regard to emigrating trains arriving and passing through our settlements, he wrote in a letter designed to restore calm in Southern Utah, We must not interfere with them. These clear and difficult-to-misread words were rushed to Cedar City after Young received an express from local setters there telling him of pending trouble. If the white man who belongs to the chosen seed mixes his blood with the seed of Cain [those of African descent], the penalty, under the law of God, is death on the spot. No credible evidence exists that Young wanted the massacre. Polygamy has long been a blight on Mormonisms public relations. In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. Brigham Young Tyrone Power (Actor), Linda Darnell (Actor), Henry Hathaway (Director) Rated: Unrated Format: DVD 153 ratings IMDb 6.3/10.0 Amazon's Choice for "brigham young" $1297 Get Fast, Free Shipping with Amazon Prime FREE Returns DVD $12.97 VHS Tape $9.48 DVD July 15, 2003 1 $12.97 $8.75 $2.07 The text of the speech was endorsed by Joseph Smith. When Filmore appointed non-Mormon judges for Utah, tensions arose quickly. On September 4, Mormon stake president and major in the Nauvoo Legion Isaac Haight ordered Legion member John D. Lee to lead an attack on the company. He was ordained king and priest by the Council of Fifty, and acted accordingly. However, church president Joseph Smith insisted that his brother William Smith be selected in place of Young. John D. Lee leading elder in Mt. When Mormons turned up to vote on election day that year, a drunken brawl broke out that resulted in Mormons being blocked from accessing the polls. Unfortunately, these actions and the menacing content of Sidney Rigdons July 4 speech led to Governor Lilburn Boggs signing an order to exterminate all Mormons in Missouri. As the pioneers entered Utah, Brigham Young forbade everyone from selling them much-needed supplies. However, Smith told as many as 10 versions of the story and many had serious contradictions. Even though Mormon scriptures had numerous rules governing polygamy that included requirements that the first wife approve of subsequent marriages and bans on one man marrying mothers, daughters, or sisters, the rules were completely disregarded. Fifty-three years ago Juanita Brooks classic study, The Mountain Meadows Massacre, concluded the crime was the result of one unfortunate circumstance after another. You must not meddle with them. Why was the decision Roe v. Wade important for feminists? Was brigham young stabbed by a son named Phineas? How many nieces and nephew luther vandross have? The man's son was allegedly attacked by a fellow student who believed him to be a racist. Ann Eliza Webb, after she decided to divorce Young in 1873, published an expos entitled Wife No. Young denounced Justice Perry Brocchus as either profoundly ignorant or corruptly wicked soon after his arrival, and ultimately all three federal officers gave up hopes of effective cooperation and left the territory. Catholicism has the Inquisition and the Crusades. On the 7th, Lee attacked with militia men and some Paiute Indians he had recruited. In several speeches given to large gatherings of Latter-day Saints, he proclaimed that the only way a person could be absolved of the sin of leaving Mormonism would be for that person to have his or her blood spilled on the ground. Phineas Howe Young (also found as Phinehas) (February 16, 1799 October 10, 1879) was a prominent early convert in the Latter Day Saint movement and was later a Mormon pioneer and a missionary for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). They arrived in the Great Salt Lake Valley on July 24, 1847. The incident occurred late Saturday afternoon at . A devoted missionary and supporter of Smith, Young was ordained as one of the original members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, a church governing body, in 1835; he became its president four years later. Reared in the famous Beehive House, Mrs. Spencer has carried with her through life the patient, loving influence of her parents. He wasn't elected or picked to lead the Saints west, he was foreordained to lead them and gained their love and belief in his guidance. Ted's son and Rupert were more prominently involved in Season 1 but weren't seen much the following season. She, her husband Nate and their now 2-month-old son Luke fled their home in East Palestine the night of the train derailment to her mother's house about 14 to 15 miles away. He was the president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death.