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Then three hundred militiamen escorted them away to face trial and prison. They reached Quincy on January 29 and found ourselves in a land of Freedom once more by the help of God and his blessings. Holbrook observed that brethren were continually coming to Quincy from the Missouri as I had done.[43] In late January, Ebenezer Robinson and three other men walked from Far West to Quincy through the snow.[44]. While living in Pennsylvania, she rode a horse to warn Joseph Smith of people coming after the gold plates. However, President Young advised the Saints to gather in order to help each other better. Why didnt Emma Smith go west with the Saints? "Remember, Emma was a woman of refinement and education. They belonged to a large, extended family headed by Joseph Knight Sr., who converted to Mormonism in New York state in 1830, the year the Church was organized. Louis. At the time, the First Presidency consisted of Joseph Smith, Sidney Rigdon, and Hyrum Smith, who had replaced Frederick G. Williams as second counselor in the First Presidency in November 1837. . Finally, in some respects, the exodus from Missouri was a training exercise for the Saints exodus from Nauvoo seven years later. She seems, among other things, to have been worried about providing for her children, as well as protecting them from the violence which had claimed Joseph. Some of them are still included in the current hymnbook that was published 150 years later in 1985. In fear of threats that the bodies would be stolen or desecrated, coffins filled with sandbags were used in the public funeral of the two martyrs. Tied to her waist were heavy bags containing Josephs papers. Babbitt would make Brigham's requests to Emma sound abrupt and thoughtless, and her responses to him selfish and defensive.[5]. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. He did not court the women or put his proposals in romantic terms. "My belief is that the Book of Mormon is of divine authenticityI have not the slightest doubt of it," she testified in an interview she gave late in life. They asked a committee of Latter-day Saints to provide them facts about the needy. a boy whom many Saints felt to be Smiths rightful prophetic heir, The biography Linda and Valeen published with Doubleday several years later. 801-422-6975. [20] The Life of Joseph Holbrook, 18061871, typescript, 46, Perry Special Collections. [115] Joseph Smith and Others to Edward Partridge and the Church, March 25, 1839, in Times and Seasons, May 1840, 102, and July 1840, 13132. 1981), 23031. We had not the privilege of hunting our cattle and horses.[14] Newel Knight noted that because the Saints were unarmed, they became prey for small parties of armed men insulting our women, driving off our stock, and plundering. To him it seemed as though all hell was aroused to do us injury.[15] Newels cousin Reed Peck said that some horses, wagons and much other property were stolen from the Mormons by some of the militia who were villains enough to plunder.[16] By late November, most crops around Far West were unharvested, and potatoes still in the ground were frose solid. Soldiers rifled through homes, Albert Rockwood said, and our sheep & hogs, & horses [are] drove off before our eyes by the Missourians who come in small companies well armed.[17], In neighboring Daviess County, Missouri militia ordered all the Saints out and gave William Huntington and eleven other Mormons four weeks to round up the Latter-day Saints livestock, wagons, and personal property. The author analyzes such factors as social/political issues, gender, race . Memoirs of Joseph Smith III (18321914), ed. . Mormon Enigma: Emma Hale Smith . When the family arrived opposite Quincy, they became ice bound for two weeks. While they waited, a Brother Brunson came from Quincy and asked campers to donate their outfits to go back and assist in removing the poor. Emma was the seventh of nine children. [35], On February 11 the committee accepted applications for assistance, and the next day they appointed Theodore Turley to superintend the management of the teams provided for removing the poor. The plan was for some wagons to go east, unload passengers and belongings at the Mississippi, and then return empty to help others move out. She was not perfect and made choices that seem hard for us to understand today. Uncertain which policy to push, the conference voted against accepting the land offer (Journal History, February 1, 1839). The Missouri Arguss editor argued incorrectly on December 20, 1838, that they cannot be driven beyond the limits of the statethat is certain. The authors were alarmed, though Linda was comforted by her stake president, who told her, You are my parishioner, and I will see you through this no matter how long it takes.. To fulfill their instruction, some members of the Twelve left Quincy on April 18, 1839, to travel secretly to Far West. One mobber shot a cow and, while it was still alive, skinned off a strip of hide from its nose to its tail, and tied his horse to a stump with it. First, Emma had intense anxiety over the protection of Joseph's and Hyrum's bodies. That is a great question! When a group of black Mormons arrived after a very difficult and painful journey fraught with danger and racial prejudice, their feet bleeding because they no longer had shoes, she sat them at her own dinner table and took them all into her home as guests until they could find work. "Joseph did not marry a wilting violet," Delewski said. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. They were enough to wear out any woman and if she, in the end, was tired of fighting her way through life, that can be understood. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. [37] David Rogers Report, 1839, in William Rogers and Elizabeth Bessie Ritchie with Their Ancestors and Descendants (Salt Lake City: Leo R. Rogers, 1981), 230. At Adam-ondi-Ahman, Saints in October 1838 were building about 150 log houses, but most of them were not finished by the time the Saints left. When the Twelve returned from Far West in early May, they rejoiced to see him a free man in Illinois. Then he had to be very careful for days to avoid capture. Emma was a significant part of the church while her husband was alive. In order to do so, she crossed the frozen Mississippi river with two children clinging to her skirts and two in her arms. Adams County, organized in 1825, was named after John Quincy Adams, who that year became Americas sixth president, and the town of Quincy received his middle name. They ran out of provisions and became so weak they couldnt continue, so they held a council and prayed to know where to hunt. Emmas life was a complex one. Because Joseph Smith was in prison during the exodus, attention focuses here on Joseph Smith's parents, his wife Emma, Elders Brigham Young and Heber C. Kimball, and four selected families: the John and Caroline Butler family, the Newel and Lydia Knight family, the Daniel and Martha Thomas family, and the Levi and Clarissa Hancock family. Taken from The Return, typescript, 243, Perry Special Collections. Give us employment, the Saints pleaded, rent us farms, and allow us the protection and privileges of other citizens., The Quincy citizens committee passed a resolution which said that the Saints are entitled to our sympathy and kindest regard. Any Saints who because of sickness or destitution found themselves homeless, the committee decided, should appeal directly for assistance. Enter your email to receive updates on our LDS Living content, 2022 LDS Living A Division of Deseret Book Company, The Joseph Smith and Emma Hale Smith Historical Society, There is room for my brown paper-doll family: 2 gospel truths I learned as a young girl that carry my faith, Special Church Historians Press symposium to highlight women, religion, and records, See the stunning winners of the Churchs International Art Competition. Mother followed the cart carrying my little brother, Francis Marion in her arms. Barefooted Mosiah tried to follow in her tracks. A little girl, Amy, rode in the cart and felt bad that the others had to tramp through the snow.[45] At the Mississippi River they camped, and Oh! Great questions! I understand Long meter and Common meter, but what is PM? During this last bout, Joseph said gratefully, "My wife waited on me. If Mormonism is not true, it is a fraudulent version of Christianity and an enormous sham. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. This forced expulsion of Saints from Missouri produced short- and long-term consequences, as enumerated here for various of the parties involved. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. On March 5, Bishop Edward Partridge reported in Quincy that ice had been running for three days so that no one could cross the Mississippi. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. She is known in Church history for being well educated and was able to act as a scribe for Joseph when he was translating the plates because of it. [125] Photocopy of order, filed June 25, 1976, copy in authors file; also see transcript in LDS Church News, July 3, 1976, 4. . She later married Major Lewis Bidamon, who had supported the Mormons during the trials, but was not a member. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. What happened to Emma Smith? We are a volunteer organization. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Bishop Partridge felt the poor could be better served if scattered in various communities and not gathered in one place. [114] Close Friends as Witnesses: Joseph Smith and the Joseph Knight Families, in Joseph Smith: The Prophet, the Man, ed. 3. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Smith's wives were believed to be between the ages of 20 and 40 at the time they were "sealed" or married to him. The Smith family. Brigham had very little patience for those who demeaned or rejected Joseph; the difficulties that Joseph experienced with Emma can only have frustrated the loyal Brigham. In response, when Saints reached safety they began filling out petitions for redress and having them notarized by justices of the peace and court clerks in two counties in Iowa and ten in Illinois. The John Murdock family left on February 4 without any team or animal or carriage of any kind. They put Mrs. Murdock and the household furniture in a Brother Humphreys wagon. He could scarcely refrain from weeping.[105], Once safely in Illinois, the Saints still had some unfinished business related to their expulsion from Missouri. First in Ohio and then three times in Missouri, they had practiced starting over. She was baptized on 28 June 1830, shortly after the Church was organized. After inspections, the Church agreed to buy twenty thousand acres of land at Commerce, Illinois, and across the river in Lee County, Iowa. 4 How many wives did Joseph Smith have LDS? My 11 year old granddaughter who is not baptized into the LDS Church wanted a poster after which we obtained and she visited with the actors and actresses. One Latter-day Saint and two Missourians were killed. Quincys compassion, noted historian Richard E. Bennett, saved the saints as a people and may even have saved the Church as an institution.[88], Assigned by the Committee of Removal, David Rogers visited Jackson County on March 15, sold Church properties, raised some $2,700, and brought the funds to Far West by mid-April. [6], In the exodus, Mormon militiamen were the first to leaveor rather escape. . Finally, Brigham was Joseph's successor, and Emma challenged that succession by supporting her son, Joseph Smith III, as the 'proper' leader, and as one who would not teach the hated doctrine of polygamy (which Emma falsely claimed Brigham had foisted on the Church). [122] James Galligher Petition in Johnson, Mormon Redress Petitions, 218. Joseph and Emma adopt the Murdock twins nine days after birth. But fairly soon after that the Saints were asked to leave Jackson County, so the new temple didn't get built. One of the materials in it was a pamphlet that said Emma could be forgiven for her sins because she had lost her mind. What does the L.M., C.M. Their first twenty miles was through snow six inches deep. William E. McLellin, apostle and apostate, died in Independence, Jackson County, Missouri, April 24, 1883, and is buried in Woodlawn Municipal Cemetery of the same city. [84] William Cahoon noted that a family named Travis offered him employment;[85] Mr. Travis also hired refugee Truman Angell to frame a barn. They numbered twelve families with more than sixty souls, having surnames of Knight, DeMille, Peck, Slade, Culver, and Stringham. [37], Elders Young and Kimball kept in constant contact with the imprisoned First Presidency by correspondence, messenger, and visits. He raised his hand and stopped me saying Hush, Hush. Huntington said that Joseph had come by ferryboat about 8:00 a.m. and was drest in an old pair of boots full of holes, pants torn, tucked inside of boots, blue cloak with collar turned up, wide brim black hat, rim sloped down, not been shaved for some time, looked pale & haggard. Dimick asked if he wished to see his father and mother, but Joseph wanted to see Emma and the children first. Sister Emma cried and said that they [thieves] had taken all of her bed clothes, except one quilt and blanket, and what could she do? So Caroline and other sisters told Emma to send hers to Joseph, which she did, and they gave her replacement bedding for her family. You may be able to get in touch with someone who can answer that question here: Joseph Smith PapersContact Us. Emma Smith played an important part in the Restoration of the gospel, and today, more than two centuries after her birth on July 10, 1804, Church members can still learn from Emma's example. Joseph was susceptible to vomiting anyway. We had heavy loads, were obliged to walk from 2 to 8 miles a day thro mud and water, camped out on the wet ground 3 nights before we arrived at the River. Baggage filled the wagon, so Martha and Caroline sometimes took turns riding next to Abraham, the driver, while the other walked with and carried children. Joseph. [93] Kenney, Wilford Woodruffs Journal, 1:325. She was able to utilize the properties she owned to support her family, but with difficulty, particularly since she was left to cover Josephs many debts. Joseph taught what God revealed, nothing more. Given that Brigham was blamed by Emma for being the inventor of plural marriage, he probably felt rather ill-used by her. "Women felt comfortable leaving their children in the church nursery across the hall," she writes, "because the caregivers passed background checks, earned a fair wage, and had a well-managed. I now saw my little daughter, Nancy Jane, for the first time about two months old. When it entered his stomach he went to the door and threw it off. The streets and city square became corn fields. [73], Church members living in Quincy and nearby tried to help the refugees when they crossed the river. Their hospitality stemmed more from pity than anything else. Are Joseph and Emma Smiths descendants Latter-day Saints? Emma contributed "in creating a distinct identity for the church" because this hymnbook's lyrics "emphasize key tenets of the religion." Understanding how early Saints worked earnestly to build up the Church helps us better appreciate the value of their work. They left Far West on February 14. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. He helped shepherd Saints across Missouri by advancing with one part of the camp as rapidly and as far as possible and then returning with the teams to move others out. Because of his position in the Illinois militia, he was often referred to as "Major" Bidamon. These hymns had a great influence on the Saints during the early days of the Church. Fugitive John Butler, in Quincy, learned of their arrival, and he rowed across the river in a canoe, dodging ice. When the two authors began piecing together Emmas life, there was only one small manila folder about her in the entire LDS Archives. I have witnesses of this scene all around, who can testify that I am now telling the truth. The following article was originally publishedin December 2015. In Daviess County on Caldwell Countys north side, Saints had begun building about 150 log houses at Adam-ondi-Ahman, and as many as 1,500 Saints in total lived in Daviess County. In the October session of General Conference 1866, Brigham Young made these comments: "To my certain knowledge, Emma Smith is one of the damnedest liars I know of on this earth; yet there is no good thing I would refuse to do for her, if she would only be a righteous woman; but she will continue in her wickedness. [79] Smith, History of the Church, 3:270. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. [123], Ghost towns and farms. The Joseph Smith Papers project explains that Emmas work laid a foundation for the continued role of music in Latter-day Saint worship. Emma contributed in creating a distinct identity for the church because this hymnbooks lyrics emphasize key tenets of the religion.. [4] William G. Hartley, Stand by My Servant Joseph: The Story of the Joseph Knight Family and the Restoration (Salt Lake City: Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Latter-day Saint History at Brigham Young University and Deseret Book, 2003); and William G. Hartley, Newel and Lydia Bailey Knights Kirtland Love Story and Historic Wedding, BYU Studies 39, no. Mental and emotional scars. Caroline went ahead and brought back some elders from a camp ahead to give Martha and Keziah blessings. It does not store any personal data. She even owned cows and other items, possibly given as payment from students. Emma and her family were forced to leave the state with the majority of Latter Day Saints. The group then included one man, two women, and children ages seven, four, three, and one. In the past three decades, there has been more published about Emma Smith in official church channels, including the new Daughters in My Kingdom manual, which mentions her very positively as the founder of the Relief Society, and the Gospel Doctrine manual for church history, which holds her up as an examplesomewhat reproachfullyof how to support ones spouse. What are various methods available for deploying a Windows application? Initially, when Joseph admitted to her that he had received a revelation about polygamy and was told he absolutely must carry it out, she accepted it. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. She taught school before she met Joseph Smith. There are several reasons Emma stayed in Nauvoo after Joseph Smith's death, but a few in particular stand out. [70], Saints chose to go to Quincy for several reasons. He was a lieutenant colonel of the 32nd Regiment of the Illinois militia, and he helped control the violence being perpetuated against the Latter Day Saints. When morning came, he and Abraham Smoot crossed to Quincy, leaving their families with the wagon. He crossed the river and found some hundred of the brethren waiting for the new ferry boat to be completed, which was done the next day. I am blown away at how single-handedly he is responsible for the majority of what we know about the Nauvoo years and the very adventurous last few years of Joseph Smith's life. Anti-Mormons had vowed to keep that ceremony from happening. Saddleback Church doubles down on support for female pastors, Mormonisms slow shift away from demonizing working mothers, Faith leaders urge Biden to sign executive order for reparations study by Juneteenth, For many congregations, wiping out medical debt has become a popular calling, More Jesus, less touching: 14 changes to the Mormon temple endowment ceremony, Real Housewife Heather Gay pens a juicy ex-Mormon memoir, How to stay Mormon after a faith crisis (if staying is what you want), Copyright 2020, Religion News Service. Emma Smith is one of the most fascinating characters of the Restoration. Why did Emma Smith opt to stay in Nauvoo? John Murdock's wife also dies after delivering twins the same day. [74] Greene, Expulsion of the Saints from Missouri, 40. On the anniversary of her birth, which. [26], Some opinions downstate held that Mormons would not have to leave at all. Then on November 5 and 6, 1999, a Quincy History Symposium honored the citys humanitarian efforts for Saints who fled Missouri. Young put on board some of his goods into the wagon carrying the Knights, and both families resumed their journeys. [94], In the dark the group reached Tenneys Grove and there added to their group the last company of the poor needing help to reach Quincy. Emma: Because it was the price of faith. At the time, perhaps ten thousand Mormons were concentrated in two particular counties. . He also owned and rented out ten or twelve small houses he had built. Answer (1 of 10): At the time of her husbands death, not much changed. For more coverage of Sunstone sessions, visit MormonTimes.com and go to the "Studies & Doctrine tab," then click on "doctrine discussions." She admitted that she had been reluctant to give her children any formal religious lifejust personal reading of the Bible and Book of Mormonbecause she was afraid of a return to the many trials she had faced. Linda requested and was granted a meeting with some general authorities, including Dallin Oaks, to discuss the ban and discover what aspects of the book had been found objectionable. Joseph Smith. Since she left no journal, we dont really know what the entire truth about Emma Smith isbut we do know she was remarkable. [75] Wandle Mace Autobiography, typescript, 3132, Perry Special Collections. June 1831 Did Emma Smith leave the LDS Church? [98] Alex Baugh, We Took a Change of Venue for the State of Illinois: The Gallatin Hearing and the Escape of Joseph Smith and the Mormon Prisoners from Missouri, April 1839, in A City of Refuge, 3166.