Where Is Jenny Marrs From, Sandra Ellen Mccollom, Articles G

The carbon-oxygen double bond is also highly polar with a significant amount of positive charge on the carbon atom. The amounts are: 0.802 g magnesium, MW: 24.305 5.004 g p -bromo- N,N -dimethylaniline , MW: 200.08 g/mol 0000073550 00000 n % yield for a Grignard reaction This is for a synthesis of malachite green I've calculated the percent yield to be 91% which seems unusually high. Obtain the following reagents before setting up the reaction: 2.5g of 4-bromo-N,N- dimethylaniline, 0.40g Mg turnings, 30mL of dry tetrahydrofuran (THF), and 2-3 small crystals of iodine. Addition of Grignard Reagents to Aryl Acid Chlorides: An Efficient Synthesis Privacy Policy. : an American History (Eric Foner), 14. I was expecting a maximum of 50%. E?yonvdr?8/k#@5RKDA,)R. * The reactions involving Grignard reagents, as sources of nucleophiles, are usually referred to as Grignard reactions. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. ( a) Strict anhydrous conditions for the Barbier-Grignard-type reaction. K. Menzel, L. Dimichele, P. Mills, D. E. Frantz, T. D. Nelson, M. H. Kress, Synlett, 2006, 0000031790 00000 n You could ring the changes on the product by. This is the reason that everything has to be very dry during the preparation above. for liquid assisted . EES 150 Lesson 3 Continental Drift A Century-old Debate, BUS 225 Module One Assignment: Critical Thinking Kimberly-Clark Decision, 1-2 Short Answer Cultural Objects and Their Culture, Module One Short Answer - Information Literacy, Ejemplo de Dictamen Limpio o Sin Salvedades, Sample solutions Solution Notebook 1 CSE6040, Answer KEY Build AN ATOM uywqyyewoiqy ieoyqi eywoiq yoie, 46 modelo de carta de renuncia voluntaria, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1, Organic Chemistry Ii Laboratory (CHEM 310). Methanal is the simplest possible aldehyde. We will discuss these reactions in Section 10.6. 0000073529 00000 n The Grignard reagent is formed by the reaction of an alkyl or aryl halide with magnesium metal via a radical mechanism. 0000069411 00000 n Cross), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Give Me Liberty! The alkyl groups can be any combination of same or different. %PDF-1.3 An alcohol is formed. Chem., 2006, 71, 4659-4662. Acids, Benzophenones, and Unsymmetrical Ketones So, I just got to know that trace amounts of Iodine and ethylene bromide is added in the preparation of Grignard reagent from alkyl halides. The reaction of aliphatic and aromatic secondary and tertiary N-tritylamines with lithium powder and a catalytic amount of naphthalene led to reductive detritylation affording the corresponding amines in good yields. status page at https://status.libretexts.org, changing the nature of the Grignard reagent - which would change the CH, changing the nature of the aldehyde - which would change the CH, changing the nature of the ketone - which would change the CH. The Grignard reagent is represented as R-Mg-X, where. You could obviously get a different primary alcohol if you started from a different Grignard reagent. X = Cl / Br / I. 0000064068 00000 n Snieckus, Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Chemoselective Synthesis of Aryl Ketones from Amides and Grignard Reagents Aryl Grignards are more easily prepared from Aryl 0000064445 00000 n Elementary SchoolMiddle SchoolHigh SchoolHigher Ed. Saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution can . For the purposes of this page, we shall take R to be an alkyl group. To ensure optimization and safety of Grignard reactions in research, development and production, in situ monitoring and understanding reaction heat flow is important. A. Deichert, L. Kapeniak, R. Lee, J. Harris, P. G. Jessop, V. Abstract Five issues related with Grignard reaction: the suitable solvents, the magnesium selection, the magnesium activation, the reaction maintenance, the work-up method and the safety of Grignard reaction have been briefly reviewed.A new and reliable work up method used for hydrolyzing MgX-complex at the end of the reaction was given. The Grignard reaction is a reaction with a carbonyl and an organometallic reagent called the Grignard reagent. Weigh magnesium powder (50 mg, 2 mmol) and add it to your reaction vessel. Conversion of Imines into C,N-Dimagnesiated Compounds and Trapping with Chem., 2019, tqH:8&>,fi(Mv1uQj7LwG[ J7t-!w03O.G% b7Qmj+F6%,g) >W=wBQ OK;bYy,#9l~x3eK(RuHh$C[eN8Y|)Iam@#&^EMqn1drs})W.UAyZ1\G*,L$#.>E{FG aE__a7Qs @9:n@P0,/CR3&MeL,nI. The chemical formula of the compound Malachite green is C23H25ClN2 (chloride). A carboxylic acid is produced with one more carbon than the original Grignard reagent. Pages 6. Of course a couple, of other things were used throughout the entire procedure but these were, Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. 52.I}kwcNq+p* i) 3|aS!pF>QtL226R*.1Pgy X;JcF>;Juy|CCiup 2@ |`7Myc(lhHR9T)dD$QURi#=Ijn\]deM#|0?Fl#CaZ"0&b1c#1N4n}tWuUxLI~Bdajd}bESM%. Crystal Violet (Gentian Violet) and Malachite Green are two of the best known of the triarylmethane dyes. 0000073571 00000 n x][u~_yIa]$4s_\Er1DnI,?\-+h+N]so}/{us_|ce|47]mU]L7,m Structures and properties. S. Usami, T. Suzuki, K. Mano, K. Tanaka III, Y. Hashimoto, N. Morita, O. Tamura, Synlett, 2019, T. E. Hurst, J. A. Krasovski, P. Knochel, Angew. It is also used as a biological stain. With the . A typical Grignard reagent might be CH 3 CH 2 MgBr. Reaction usually in Et 2 O or THF followed by H 3 O + work-up Reaction type: Nucleophilic Addition. The two wires shown in the figure carry currents of I = 5.37 A in opposite directions and are separated by a distance of d 0 = 8.78 cm. The Grignard Reaction is the addition of an organomagnesium halide (Grignard reagent) to a ketone or aldehyde, to form a tertiary or secondary alcohol, respectively. The Grignard reaction is a prominent textbook process to form carbon-carbon bonds. All Rights Reserved, Green Chemistry Teaching and Learning Community, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. 2002, 63-64. EES 150 Lesson 3 Continental Drift A Century-old Debate, BUS 225 Module One Assignment: Critical Thinking Kimberly-Clark Decision, 1-2 Short Answer Cultural Objects and Their Culture, Module One Short Answer - Information Literacy, Ejemplo de Dictamen Limpio o Sin Salvedades, Sample solutions Solution Notebook 1 CSE6040, Answer KEY Build AN ATOM uywqyyewoiqy ieoyqi eywoiq yoie, 46 modelo de carta de renuncia voluntaria, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1, Perimeter College at Georgia State University. Grignard reactions are performed using a Grignard reagent, which is typically a alkyl-, aryl- or vinyl- organomagnesium halide compound. P. Sureshbabu, S. Azeez, N. Muniyappan, S. Sabiah, J. Kandasamy, J. Org. 0000050305 00000 n Copper is already in a higher oxidation state (+2) so it can't reduce hydronium to hydrogen. 1 Department of Chemistry and FQRNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0B8. A LiCl-Mediated Br/Mg Exchange Reaction for the Preparation of The stoichiometric reaction of Grignard reagents with carbonyl compounds is a common The greener approach reduces the use of undesirable ethers, and avoids the use of hexanes, and magnesium. x\tG!P*AZ!f|G m+Eb^R|!p[c For example: The product is then hydrolyzed (reacted with water) in the presence of a dilute acid. One of the most important methods for forming carbon-carbon bonds is the Barbier-Grignard-type reaction, which was discovered over a century ago. Lett., 2020, 22, 493-496. Org. {P%L ql@E],U_wj3)Bte$[=M_DGoS.'G0q:&U O^Zrv"]=OfNQvW]yMLHC!lL`v&AIj[GbW!G(T"0;aWjP{%&U6d=B. >]`(lip T-@ 1 endstream endobj 18 0 obj<> endobj 19 0 obj<> endobj 20 0 obj<>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>> endobj 21 0 obj<> endobj 22 0 obj<> endobj 23 0 obj<> endobj 24 0 obj<> endobj 25 0 obj[/ICCBased 43 0 R] endobj 26 0 obj<> endobj 27 0 obj[250 333 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 250 333 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 333 778 778 778 778 778 778 722 778 722 722 667 778 778 778 389 778 778 667 944 722 778 611 778 722 556 667 722 722 1000 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 778 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 778 556 278 833 556 500 556 778 444 389 333 556 500 722 500 500] endobj 28 0 obj<> endobj 29 0 obj[250 333 408 722 722 833 722 180 333 333 722 722 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 722 722 500 500 278 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 722 722 611 889 722 722 556 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 722 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 500] endobj 30 0 obj<> endobj 31 0 obj[250] endobj 32 0 obj<>stream The Grignard reaction is a useful tool for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds in organic synthesis. 30, H. Andersson, F. Almqvist, R. Olsson, Org. 0000005380 00000 n Ku'g>yS(Av{Z%F>5 XG)mXG=\Z{:?8+zR} Y 0gZA(_RY3 D""& &M4.a8IEX)iq7[ AO 2 0 obj [ 6] and our Wang, L. Zhang, X. Electrophiles. V. Gandon, P. Bertus, J. Szymoniak, Synthesis, Experiment 21: Grignard Dyes 48 4) Does crystal violet or malachite green absorb light at a longer wavelength? In a separate oven dried vial, add . chose to obtain malachite green through Grignard reaction. Alkynes are my go-to for orgo 1 chain elongation. 0000002390 00000 n The Grignard reaction is a reaction in organic chemistry that uses the Grignard reagent to form new carbon-carbon bonds. 1) Preparation. pharmaceutical perspective, the Grignard reaction has been employed as a key step in numerous syntheses such as that of tramadol,3 ravuconazole,4 naproxen,5 ibuprofen,6 aprepitant,7 droloxifene,8 and tamoxifen9 (Fig. The reaction was discovered by the French chemist Victor Grignard. In the first stage, the Grignard reagent adds across the carbon-oxygen double bond: Dilute acid is then added to this to hydrolyse it. Recall that you studied the reactivity of a series of C-X bonds in Chapter 5. For the purposes of this page, we shall take R to be an alkyl group. Show the following: - The gneration of the Grignard reagent followed by the reaction of that reagent with the ester. In methanal, both R groups are hydrogen. It will reach a point where the alkyl halide you're using can take over and accelerate the process. Any reactions using the Grignard reagent are carried out with the mixture produced from this reaction. 0000063863 00000 n 4 0 obj Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01. Beyond Benign The Grignard reagent first reacted with the methyl benzoate substrate and . The Barbier reaction is an organic reaction between an alkyl halide and a carbonyl group as an electrophilic substrate in the presence of aluminium, zinc, indium, tin or its salts. (1) In this reaction, the so-called Grignard reagent, an organomagnesium species RMgX where R is an organic residue and X is a halogen (usually Cl or Br), promotes the addition of its organic residue to an electrophilic substrate. 0000009113 00000 n ]XC 5kj6 *&]T oDq20)JE8\zwCPJYn>\H>\kol&. You can't separate it out in any way. This time when you replace the R groups in the general formula for the alcohol produced you get a tertiary alcohol. The anions have no effect on the color. However, it is still highly desirable . 1561-1564. xL0_r#Gj6} vIMQWU1DnTz#$/W`(([I^e(ZcjO NWZ~hh} _f w*77=KxEL7X!\H 0000006254 00000 n Synthesis of Arylglycines by Reaction of Diethyl N-Boc-iminomalonate with One of the key uses of Grignard reagents is the ability to make complicated alcohols easily. Malachite green is classified in the dyestuff industry as a triarylmethane dye and also using in pigment industry. 0000011756 00000 n % (calculate the molar ratio of these ragents to the 4-bromo-dimethylaniline as part of your answer to the question). - The role of the HCl in the reaction (protonation of the alkoxide ion and reaction with excess Mg/Grignard reagent) - Draw the mechanism of Grignard Synthesis of Malachite Green. Reaction scheme for the Grignard synthesis of Crystal Violet and Malachite Green. Solution was transferred to a 50-mL, in an ice bath for 2 min before hydrochloric acid (0.5 M, 0.30 mL) was added, which af, malachite green (0.90 mL, pH 4) as a turbid, dark blue/green solution: UV, Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. organic chemistry 2. mgchit02. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> Regioselective Halogen-Metal Exchange Reaction of 3-Substituted 1,2-Dibromo stream Malachite green appears green, so it must absorb red light at 605-700 nm. Int. Malachite green is a phrase that is widely used to describe a coloured green cation. General Reaction between Grignards and carbonyls, Reaction between Grignard reagents and methanal, Reaction between Grignards and other aldehydes, The reaction between Grignard reagents and ketones. The next biggest aldehyde is ethanal. Meredith's course. S. T. Handy, J. Org. Grignard reagents react with dry ice (solid CO 2) followed by aqueous acid work-up to give carboxylic acids. In lab we are synthesizing the dyes, malachite green and crystal violet through a grignard reaction.Question: In these reactions, we use significanly different amounts of diethyl carbonate (0.39 g) and methyl benzoate (0.68 g), why? Therefore, malachite green absorbs light at a longer wavelength. 0000078049 00000 n This MUST be read before entering the laboratory in addition to Chapter 19. . Sun, Y. Xu, D. Krishnamurthy, C. H. Senanayake, Org. A primary alcohol has only one alkyl group attached to the carbon atom with the -OH group on it. K. Colas, A. C. V. D. dos Santos, A. Mendoza, 0000008950 00000 n On3O&@##t(Pr- The oxalate salt, in addition to the chloride salt, is also available in the market. Assuming that you are starting with CH3CH2MgBr and using the general equation above you get always has the form: Since both R groups are hydrogen atoms, the final product will be: A primary alcohol is formed. 0000007105 00000 n The Grignard reaction consists of two steps. Ed., 2004, 43, In Week 7, set up your Grignard reaction at the beginning of your lab section, and while refluxing, you can begin synthesizing the azo dye, which is made from the para-nitroaniline which you synthesized in . Grignard reagents act as nucleophiles. 0000056051 00000 n [3] [4] The reaction of an organic halide with . Muscular system diagrams - unlabelled, Lecture notes - review of the whole course, Jung Typology and Fruit Classification Essay, Therapy for those with major depression, and other disorder, Health-Illness Concepts Across the Lifespan I (NUR 1460C), Introduction to Human Psychology (PSYC 1111), Child and Early Adolescent Development and Psychology (ELM 200), Business Systems Analysis and Design (IT210), Ethical and Legal Considerations of Healthcare (IHP420), Advanced Medical-Surgical Nursing (NUR2212), Maternity and Pediatric Nursing (NUR 204), The United States Supreme Court (POLUA333), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083), Final Exams - Selection of my best coursework, ECO 201 - Chapter 2 Thinking like economist part 1 - Sep 9. 5 0 obj The Grignard reagent is a type of organometallic reagent,. P.O. A Grignard reaction involves the use . << /Length 1 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> The colour of the compound appears to be unaffected by the anions. Lett., 2019, 21, 7851-7856. Obtain 3 mL of anhydrous diethyl ether from your GSI in one of the oven dried dram vials. Formally, malachite green refers to the chloride salt [C 6 H 5 C(C 6 H 4 N(CH 3) 2) 2]Cl, although the term malachite green is used loosely and often just refers to the colored cation.The oxalate salt is also marketed. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. via C(O)-N Bond Cleavage under Catalyst-Free Conditions CHEM. Derived from Grignard Reagents Highly Alkyl-Selective Addition to Ketones with Magnesium Ate Complexes Grignard Reagents, aka, Organomagnesium Halides Prepared by Reaction of an Organic Halide and Magnesium metal turnings, usually in an Ether solvent Relative Reactivity of Halides is important RI gt RBr gt RCl gt RF Very few Organomagnesium Fluorides are produced. %PDF-1.3 The inorganic product, \(Mg(OH)Br\), is referred to as a "basic bromide" and is a sort of half-way stage between magnesium bromide and magnesium hydroxide. ]{| Nk &nVzYBz@++cs|"YjM8gZRFEY L&ih vgrjR+ne=L6/tAilF:6]d&VZoZ *geB2}AslzGRt4Ui `ML~%L2&n61a0c&"fnh?_]4M; Oi(J4r=*d%t|OJkN# , u)7AP;R5O5zoLwKss|$xV5>lW|F-"@ In English, please? 9, 1335-1337. M. Hatano, T. Matsumura, K. Ishihara, Org. 0000069369 00000 n Carbon is more electronegative than magnesium, and so the bonding pair of electrons is pulled towards the carbon. Market-Research - A market research for Lemon Juice and Shake. 0000055409 00000 n Doc Preview. 0000002969 00000 n The reaction of Grignard reagents with O-alkyl S-pyridin-2-yl teacher harriet voice shawne jackson; least stressful physician assistant specialties; grandma's marathon elevation gain; describe key elements of partnership working with external organisations However, if there are traces of metallic . stream Both procedures involve preparing a Grignard reagent from 4-bromo-N,N-dimethylaniline and reacting it with an ester (methyl benzoate to make Malachite Green or ethyl carbonate to make Crystal Violet). vmnwPV\-Tm 937x| Wg/R;*]*YySot3\_^BbMsjO357r2g H|hju 8un!zv kGC>=`Z;8C"\[UF.A@1&f \=_v ic!U:uoe H\dgqQu1j#)gf |SP.)b( 0000002558 00000 n In addition to being a topical antiseptic, Crystal Violet is especially well . trailer <]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 70 0 obj<>stream Arenes: The Synthesis of 2-Substituted 5-Bromobenzoic Acids History & Uses: First made in 1877, Malachite Green has been used primarily as a dye for fabrics, leather, and paper. Dry carbon dioxide is bubbled through a solution of the. 0000002726 00000 n Introduction The Grignard reaction is an extremely valuable reaction in organic chemistry because it allows for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. 0000073316 00000 n 0000050285 00000 n Total views 100+ University of Kentucky. A greener approach to a traditional Grignard Reaction has been implemented by Dr. Abby O'Connor at the College of New Jersey (TCNJ). Lett., 2019, 21, 3882-3885. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> Org. Functionalized Aryl- and Heteroarylmagnesium Compounds from Organic Bromides B. Heinz, D. Djukanovic, M. A. Ganiek, B. Martin, B. Schenkel, P. Knochel, One of the R groups is hydrogen and the other CH3. Wilmington, MA 01887 A one-pot, three-step protocol for the preparation of Grignard reagents from organobromides in a ball mill and their subsequent reactions with gaseous carbon dioxide (CO 2) or sodium methyl carbonate providing aryl and alkyl carboxylic acids in up to 82 % yield is reported.Noteworthy are the short reaction times and the significantly reduced solvent amounts [2.0 equiv. Represented by R-Mg-X, where R is an alkyl or aryl group while X is a halogen, the Grignard reagent easily forms a carbon-carbon bond of 1, 2, and 3 alkyl halides which . Calculate the net magnetic field at a point midway between the wires. Upon reaction of Mg metal with an alkyl halide in dry ether gives the respective Grignard reagent. of Aryl Ketones Procedure Making the Grignard reagent (whole class) 1. The Grignard Reaction A. %PDF-1.3 If one (or both) of the R groups are hydrogens, the compounds are called aldehydes. For example: \[ CH_3CH_2MgBr + H_2O \rightarrow CH_3CH_3 + Mg(OH)Br\]. Hydrogenation Reactions. The greener approach reduces the use of undesirable ethers, and avoids the use of hexanes, and magnesium. Experimental procedure lab write up for grignard reaction. A Grignard reagent has a formula RMgX where X is a halogen, and R is an alkyl or aryl (based on a benzene ring) group. 0000050326 00000 n But I don't understand their need. P. Cali, M. Begtrup, Synthesis, malachite; grignard; pear; ribbon; stir; spectrum; concentration; reagent; chemconnections . Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Conclusion In the experiment malachite green dye was. The Grignard reagent can therefore serve as a nucleophile because of the attraction between the slight negativeness of the carbon atom in the Grignard reagent and the positiveness of the carbon in the carbonyl compound. Experimental Procedure Synthesis of Stilbene Oxide Week 1, Bio 240 - Inreoductory Biology II Lecture/Lab Plastic Waste Journal presentation, Health-Illness Concepts Across the Lifespan I (NUR 1460C), Introduction to Human Psychology (PSYC 1111), Child and Early Adolescent Development and Psychology (ELM 200), Business Systems Analysis and Design (IT210), Ethical and Legal Considerations of Healthcare (IHP420), Advanced Medical-Surgical Nursing (NUR2212), Maternity and Pediatric Nursing (NUR 204), The United States Supreme Court (POLUA333), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083), Final Exams - Selection of my best coursework, ECO 201 - Chapter 2 Thinking like economist part 1 - Sep 9.